Assignment Task
Occasionally, skeletal muscle is considered by some researchers as an endocrine organ, since it releases Interleukin-6, a mediator of inflammation, which increases glucose metabolism in resting human skeletal muscle [24]. Interleukin-6 levels were found to be elevated in obesity and associated with Type 2 diabetes [25]. Moreover, IL-6 was also found to increase glucose transport and fatty acid oxidation in L6 myotubes [26]. IL-6 release in rat pancreatic acini was inhibited by cannabinoid agonist, WIN55,212 [27]. However, IL-6 production was potentiated by anandamide, CB1 receptor agonist, in astrocytes infected with Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis virus [28]. My previous study showed that IL-6 expression was found be increased in a CB1 dependent manner in skeletal muscle cells (reference). Taken together, it is possible that activation or inhibition of CB1 receptor modulates inflammatory cytokines secretion, in particular IL-6, in skeletal muscle myotubes and consequently modulates glucose and fatty acid metabolism. The implication of this is that modulation of inflammatory cytokines, in particular IL-6, through the activation and/or inhibition of CB1 receptors in skeletal muscle might alter glucose and fatty acid metabolism and consequently improve diabetes and obesity.
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