Essay Apply the Principles of Outbreak Investigation to the Current COVID 19 Pandemic – Report Writing Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

QUESTION ONE
How would you apply the principles of outbreak investigation to the current COVID 19 pandemic?

QUESTION TWO
Explain why a long incubation period and the difference between infectivity and pathogenicity (disease state) can make a disease spread faster in the population.

QUESTION THREE
a) Using descriptive epidemiology, describe the current COVID 19 disease.
b) Why is the information in your discussion important in the objectives of epidemiology?

QUESTION FOUR
A total of 479 subjects completed a questionnaire, and 124 of them indicated that they had been exposed to the kiddy pool. Of these, 16 subsequently developed Giardia infection, but 108 did not. Among the 355 subjects who denied kiddy pool exposure, 14 developed Giardia infection, and the other 341 did not.
a) From the information given, deduce what kind of study is described.
b) Construct a contingency table using the data given.
c) What measure of association would be used to analyze the relationship between kiddy pool and Giardia infection?
d) Calculate the measure of association.
e) Interpret the result.
f) What is your conclusion from the study?
g) What factors may have to be considered before you can confidently claim to have established causation?

h) If the kiddy pool was the source of contamination responsible for this outbreak, why was it that:
a) Only 16 people exposed to the kiddy pool developed the infection?
b) There were 14 Giardia cases among people who denied exposure to the kiddypool?

QUESTION FIVE
One of the primary roles of epidemiology is to determine causes of health conditions. Analytic studies are used to find such causes. However, even when determined, validity has to be critiqued. 

Discuss how the following can affect validity of findings from analytic studies:
a) Health worker effect
b) Hawthorne effect
c) Confounding 
d) Bias
e) Sample size