Essay HBIO1007 : Human Physiology Report Writing – Medical Science Assignment Help

Assignment Task:

TASK:

Questions 1-20- answers require 1-5 words maximum

1. A chemical signal secreted into the blood and distributed all over the body by the circulatory system is known what? (1 mark)

2. Which type of membrane receptor has a receptor on the extracellular side that is joined to a protein kinase enzyme on the intracellular side? (1 mark)

3. As part of a reflex pathway, what do you call the disturbance or change that sets the pathway in motion? (1 mark)

4. When Ca2+ has been released into the cytosol as part of a signal transduction pathway, and then that Ca2+ is later pumped back out of the cell, this represents which step in the signal transduction mechanism? (1 mark)

5. In the body, what do you call a feedback loop where the response opposes the stimulus? (1 mark)

6. Choose the MOST correct answer- In the presence of increased levels of plasma glucose following a meal:- (1 mark) a. Glucose is released in the urine b. The pancreas releases insulin and inhibits glucagon c. Insulin acts on the liver to promote glycogen breakdown d. Both b and c are correct

7. Ca2+ levels in the blood are regulated homeostatically. When Ca2+ levels rise to a point where they stimulate homeostatic negative feedback control mechanisms, what will the overall response of the feedback loop be? (1 mark)

8. What is an ion channel in the cell membrane that responds to a change in membrane potential called? (1 mark)

9. In a neural reflex pathway where will the integrating centre be? (1 mark) Page – 4 – of 10

10. Which neurotransmitter binds to cholinergic receptors on target cells? (1 mark)

11. Which neurons of the autonomic nervous system will slow the heart rate when they fire onto the heart? (1 mark)

12. What type of peripheral neuron releases norepinephrine onto a beta receptor? (1 mark)

13. A feedback control loop where the response enhances the stimulus is called what? (1 mark)

14. Which class of hormones are derived from cholesterol? (1 mark)

15. When one hormone cannot fully exert its effects unless a second hormone is present, even though the second hormone has no apparent action, this is known as what? (1 mark)

16. As part of the ‘fight or flight’ response to stress, when preganglionic sympathetic neurons synapse onto chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla, which neurohormone is released? (1 mark)

17. What is/are the target tissues of the somatic motor pathway? (1 mark)

18. What does a thermoreceptor respond to? (1 mark)

19. What is the specific physical area that will activate a sensory receptor known as? (1 mark)

20. A change in membrane potential of variable strength that travels over the membrane for a short distance and loses strength as it goes is called a/an:- ( 1 mark) Questions 21-39 – Read the question carefully and succinctly answer the question that is being asked. Note the marks allocated to the question… increased marks allocation can indicate increased information/detail required. If a question asks you to explain the mechanism… make sure you provide a clear explanation.

21. Via what mechanism can a single postganglionic autonomic cell affect a large area of target tissue?

22What is paracrine signalling? (1 mark) ‘

23. During your sensory physiology lab class you touched your lab partners skin at 2 points using a pair of dividers, however your lab partner only felt touch at one point. What is the most likely explanation for this happening? (3 marks)

24. When a hormone binds to a membrane receptor on a target cell there are 3 main intracellular processes that can occur that result in a rapid response in the cell. What are they? (3 marks)

25. Describe the difference between convergence of neura